ArcSDESQLExecute

Synthèse

The ArcSDESQLExecute class provides a means of executing SQL statements via an enterprise geodatabase connection.

Discussion

Attention :

• Do not alter enterprise geodatabase system tables using SQL. Corruption can occur if these system tables are edited directly using SQL.
• Edits on traditional versioned data performed using SQL should only be made through versioned views. Do not edit branch versioned data using SQL.
• For geodatabases implemented in a relational database management system (DBMS) using DBMS data types and table formats, you can use the DBMS's own SQL to work with user-defined tables stored in the database.
• Accessing the information in a geodatabase via SQL allows external applications to access the tabular data managed by the geodatabase. These external applications may be nonspatial database applications or custom spatial applications developed in an environment other than ArcObjects. Be aware, though, that SQL access to the geodatabase bypasses geodatabase functionality, such as topology, networks, terrains, or other class or workspace extensions and bypasses triggers and stored procedures used to maintain the relationships between tables needed for certain geodatabase functionality. Circumventing geodatabase functionality can corrupt the relationships between data in your geodatabase.
• Before attempting to access or modify any enterprise geodatabase objects, read all enterprise geodatabase documentation about using SQL against geodatabase objects in the DBMS.

Syntaxe

 ArcSDESQLExecute ({server}, {instance}, {database}, {user}, {password})

Paramètre	Explication	Type de données
server	Name of the server on which the database is installed or a valid connection file.	String
instance	The port number.	String
database	Name of the database.	String
user	The user name.	String
password	The password for the user name.	String

Propriétés

Propriété	Explication	Type de données
transactionAutoCommit (Lecture et écriture)	The autocommit interval. This can be used to force intermediate commits after a specified number of features have been modified.	Integer

Vue d’ensemble des méthodes

Méthode	Explication
commitTransaction ()	No DML statements will be committed until the commitTransaction method is called. Remarque : A commit may also occur when the connection to the enterprise geodatabase is terminated (check specific DBMS documentation to see how each DBMS deals with a disconnect while in a transaction).
execute (sql_statement)	Sends the SQL statement to the database via an ArcSDE connection. If execute is run outside of a transaction, a commit will automatically take place once the SQL DML (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE . . .) statement has been executed.
rollbackTransaction ()	Rollback any DML operations to the previous commit.
startTransaction ()	To control when your changes are committed to the database, call the startTransaction method before calling execute. This starts a transaction, and no DML statements will be committed until the commitTransaction method is called.

Méthodes

commitTransaction ()

execute (sql_statement)

Paramètre	Explication	Type de données
sql_statement	The SQL statement. The execute method returns a list of lists in the case where the statement returns rows from a table; for statements that do not return rows, it will return an indication of the success or failure of the statement (True for success; None for failure). Statements that return a single value from a single row will return the value in an appropriate type (string, float, float).	Variant

rollbackTransaction ()

startTransaction ()

Exemple de code

Query for the number of each crime type and return a list of lists of the crime type and count of incidents.

import arcpy

# Use a connection file to create the connection
egdb = r'Database Connections\Connection to bedrock.sde'
egdb_conn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute(egdb)

table_name = 'vtest.GDB.Crime'
field_name = 'CRIMETYPE'

sql = '''
SELECT {0}, COUNT({0}) AS f_count FROM {1}
GROUP BY {0}
ORDER BY f_count DESC
'''.format(field_name, table_name)

egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
for i in egdb_return:
    print('{}: {}'.format(*i))

Execute a list of SQL statements

import sys
import arcpy

try:
    # Make data path relative
    arcpy.env.workspace = sys.path[0]

    # Two ways to create the object, which also creates the
    # connection to the enterprise geodatabase.
    # Using the first method, pass a set of strings containing
    # the connection properties:
    #   <serverName>, <portNumber>, <version>, <userName>, <password>
    #   arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("gpserver3","5151","#","toolbox","toolbox")
    # Using the second method pass the path to a valid connection file
    egdb_conn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute(r"data\Connection to GPSERVER3.sde")

    # Get the SQL statements, separated by ; from a text string.
    sql_statement = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0)
    sql_statement_list = sql_statement.split(";")

    print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")

    # For each SQL statement passed in, execute it.
    for sql in sql_statement_list:
        print("Execute SQL Statement: {0}".format(sql))
        try:
            # Pass the SQL statement to the database.
            egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
        except Exception as err:
            print(err)
            egdb_return = False

        # If the return value is a list (a list of lists), display
        # each list as a row from the table being queried.
        if isinstance(egdb_return, list):
            print("Number of rows returned by query: {0} rows".format(
                len(egdb_return)))
            for row in egdb_return:
                print(row)
            print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
        else:
            # If the return value was not a list, the statement was
            # most likely a DDL statement. Check its status.
            if egdb_return == True:
                print("SQL statement: {0} ran successfully.".format(sql))
            else:
                print("SQL statement: {0} FAILED.".format(sql))
            print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")

except Exception as err:
    print(err)

Conditional update using a transaction

# WARNING - DO NOT USE ON VERSIONED TABLES OR FEATURE CLASSES.
#   DO NOT USE ON ANY enterprise geodatabase SYSTEM TABLES.
#   DOING SO MAY RESULT IN DATA CORRUPTION.

import sys
import arcpy

try:
    # Make data path relative (not relevant unless data is moved
    # here and paths modified)
    arcpy.env.workspace = sys.path[0]

    # Column name:value that should be in the record.
    sql_values = {"STREET_NAM": "'EUREKA'"}

    # Value that is incorrect if found in the above column.
    bad_val = "'EREKA'"

    #List of tables to look in for the bad value.
    tables = ["streetaddresses_blkA", "streetaddresses_blkB",
              "streetaddresses_blkC"]

    # Two ways to create the object, which also creates the connection
    # to the enterprise geodatabase.
    # Using the first method, pass a set of strings containing the
    #   connection properties:
    #   <serverName>, <portNumber>, <version>, <userName>, <password>
    egdb_conn = arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("gpserver3", "5151", "#",
                                      "toolbox", "toolbox")

    # Using the second method pass the path to a valid enterprise geodatabase connection file
    #   arcpy.ArcSDESQLExecute("data\Connection to GPSERVER3.sde")

    for tbl in tables:
        print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++")
        for col, val in list(sql_values.items()):
            print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++")
            # Check for the incorrect value in the column for the
            # specific rows. If the table contains the incorrect value,
            # correct it using the update SQL statement.
            print("Analyzing table {0} for bad data: "
                  "Column:{1} Value: {2}".format(tbl, col, bad_val))
            try:
                sql = "select OBJECTID,{0} from {1} where {0} = {2}".format(
                      col, tbl, bad_val)
                print("Attempt to execute SQL Statement: {0}".format(sql))
                egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
            except Exception as err:
                print(err)
                egdb_return = False

            if isinstance(egdb_return, list):
                if len(egdb_return) > 0:
                    print("Identified {0} rows with incorrect data. Starting "
                          "transaction for update.".format(len(egdb_return)))
                    # Start the transaction
                    egdb_conn.startTransaction()
                    print("Transaction started...")
                    # Perform the update
                    try:
                        sql = "update {0} set {1}={2} where {1} = {3}".format(
                              tbl, col, val, bad_val)
                        print("Changing bad value: {0} to the good value: "
                              "{1} using update statement:\n {2}".format(
                              bad_val, val, sql))
                        egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
                    except Exception as err:
                        print(err)
                        egdb_return = False

                    # If the update completed successfully, commit the
                    # changes.  If not, rollback.
                    if egdb_return == True:
                        print("Update statement: \n"
                              "{0} ran successfully.".format(sql))
                        # Commit the changes
                        egdb_conn.commitTransaction()
                        print("Committed Transaction")

                        # List the changes.
                        try:
                            print("Displaying updated rows for "
                                  "visual inspection.")
                            sql = "select OBJECTID" + \
                                  ",{0} from {1} where {0} = {2}".format(
                                  col, tbl, val)
                            print("Executing SQL Statement: \n{0}".format(sql))
                            egdb_return = egdb_conn.execute(sql)
                        except Exception as err:
                            print(err)
                            egdb_return = False

                        if isinstance(egdb_return, list):
                            print("{0} rows".format(len(egdb_return)))
                            for row in egdb_return:
                                print(row)
                            print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
                        else:
                            if egdb_return == True:
                                print("SQL statement: \n{0}\n"
                                      "ran successfully.".format(sql))
                            else:
                                print("SQL statement: \n{0}\n"
                                      "FAILED.".format(sql))
                            print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")

                        print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
                    else:
                        print("SQL statement: \n{0}\nFAILED. "
                              "Rolling back all changes.".format(sql))
                        # Rollback changes
                        egdb_conn.rollbackTransaction()
                        print("Rolled back any changes.")
                        print("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n")
            else:
                print "No records required updating."

    # Disconnect and exit
    del egdb_conn
    print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++")

except Exception as err:
    print(err)